Function to return data from the NWISWeb WaterML1.1 service

This function accepts a url parameter that already contains the desired NWIS site, parameter code, statistic, startdate and enddate.

Usage

importWaterML1(obs_url, asDateTime = FALSE, tz = "UTC")

Arguments

obs_url

character or raw, containing the url for the retrieval or a file path to the data file, or raw XML.

asDateTime

logical, if TRUE returns date and time as POSIXct, if FALSE, Date

tz

character to set timezone attribute of datetime. Default converts the datetimes to UTC (properly accounting for daylight savings times based on the data's provided tz_cd column). Recommended US values include "UTC", "America/New_York", "America/Chicago", "America/Denver", "America/Los_Angeles", "America/Anchorage", "America/Honolulu", "America/Jamaica", "America/Managua", "America/Phoenix", and "America/Metlakatla". For a complete list, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones

Value

A data frame with the following columns:

Name	Type	Description
agency_cd	character	The NWIS code for the agency reporting the data
site_no	character	The USGS site number
	POSIXct	The date and time of the value converted to UTC (if asDateTime = TRUE),
	character	or raw character string (if asDateTime = FALSE)
tz_cd	character	The time zone code for
code	character	Any codes that qualify the corresponding value
value	numeric	The numeric value for the parameter

Note that code and value are repeated for the parameters requested. The names are of the form X_D_P_S, where X is literal, D is an option description of the parameter, P is the parameter code, and S is the statistic code (if applicable).

There are also several useful attributes attached to the data frame:

Name	Type	Description
url	character	The url used to generate the data
siteInfo	data.frame	A data frame containing information on the requested sites
variableInfo	data.frame	A data frame containing information on the requested parameters
statisticInfo	data.frame	A data frame containing information on the requested statistics on the data
queryTime	POSIXct	The time the data was returned

See also

renameNWISColumns

Examples

site_id <- "02177000"
startDate <- "2012-09-01"
endDate <- "2012-10-01"
offering <- "00003"
property <- "00060"
obs_url <- constructNWISURL(site_id, property, startDate, endDate, "dv")
# \donttest{
data <- importWaterML1(obs_url, asDateTime = TRUE)
#> GET: https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/dv/?site=02177000&format=waterml,1.1&ParameterCd=00060&StatCd=00003&startDT=2012-09-01&endDT=2012-10-01


unitDataURL <- constructNWISURL(
  site_id, property,
  "2013-11-03", "2013-11-03", "uv"
)
unitData <- importWaterML1(unitDataURL, TRUE)
#> GET: https://nwis.waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/iv/?site=02177000&format=waterml,1.1&ParameterCd=00060&startDT=2013-11-03&endDT=2013-11-03

# Two sites, two pcodes, one site has two data descriptors:
siteNumber <- c("01480015", "04085427")
obs_url <- constructNWISURL(
  siteNumber, c("00060", "00010"),
  startDate, endDate, "dv"
)
data <- importWaterML1(obs_url)
#> GET: https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/dv/?site=01480015,04085427&format=waterml,1.1&ParameterCd=00060,00010&StatCd=00003&startDT=2012-09-01&endDT=2012-10-01
data$dateTime <- as.Date(data$dateTime)
data <- renameNWISColumns(data)
names(attributes(data))
#> [1] "names"         "row.names"     "url"           "siteInfo"     
#> [5] "variableInfo"  "disclaimer"    "statisticInfo" "queryTime"    
#> [9] "class"        
attr(data, "url")
#> [1] "https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/dv/?site=01480015,04085427&format=waterml,1.1&ParameterCd=00060,00010&StatCd=00003&startDT=2012-09-01&endDT=2012-10-01"
attr(data, "disclaimer")
#> [1] "Provisional data are subject to revision. Go to http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/help/?provisional for more information."

inactiveSite <- "05212700"
inactiveSite <- constructNWISURL(inactiveSite, "00060", 
                                 "2014-01-01", "2014-01-10", "dv")
inactiveSite <- importWaterML1(inactiveSite)
#> GET: https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/dv/?site=05212700&format=waterml,1.1&ParameterCd=00060&StatCd=00003&startDT=2014-01-01&endDT=2014-01-10

inactiveAndAcitive <- c("07334200", "05212700")
inactiveAndAcitive <- constructNWISURL(inactiveAndAcitive, 
                         "00060", "2014-01-01", "2014-01-10", "dv")
inactiveAndAcitive <- importWaterML1(inactiveAndAcitive)
#> GET: https://waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/dv/?site=07334200,05212700&format=waterml,1.1&ParameterCd=00060&StatCd=00003&startDT=2014-01-01&endDT=2014-01-10

# Timezone change with specified local timezone:
tzURL <- constructNWISURL("04027000", c("00300", "63680"), 
                          "2011-11-05", "2011-11-07", "uv")
tzIssue <- importWaterML1(tzURL,
  asDateTime = TRUE, tz = "America/Chicago"
)
#> GET: https://nwis.waterservices.usgs.gov/nwis/iv/?site=04027000&format=waterml,1.1&ParameterCd=00300,63680&startDT=2011-11-05&endDT=2011-11-07

# raw XML
url <- constructNWISURL(
  service = "dv", siteNumber = "02319300", parameterCd = "00060",
  startDate = "2014-01-01", endDate = "2014-01-01"
)
raw <- httr::content(httr::GET(url), as = "raw")
rawParsed <- importWaterML1(raw)
# }
filePath <- system.file("extdata", package = "dataRetrieval")
fileName <- "WaterML1Example.xml"
fullPath <- file.path(filePath, fileName)
importFile <- importWaterML1(fullPath, TRUE)