USGS dataretrieval Python Package `get_monitoring_locations()` Examples

This notebook provides examples of using the Python dataretrieval package to search for monitoring locations within a region or with specific characteristics. The dataretrieval package provides a collection of functions to get data from the USGS Water Data API and other online sources of hydrology and water quality data, including the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).

Install the Package

Use the following code to install the package if it doesn’t exist already within your Jupyter Python environment.

[1]:

!pip install dataretrieval

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Load the package so you can use it along with other packages used in this notebook.

[2]:

from IPython.display import display

import dataretrieval.waterdata as waterdata

Basic Usage

The dataretrieval package has several functions that allow you to retrieve data from the USGS Water Data API. This example uses the get_monitoring_locations() function to search for monitoring locations within a region or with specific characteristics. The function has many optional arguments that act as filters on the query; supply the ones that match the locations you want to retrieve.

Commonly Used Arguments

monitoring_location_id (string or iterable of strings): A unique identifier for a single monitoring location, formed by joining the agency code (e.g. USGS) and the location’s ID number with a hyphen (e.g. USGS-05114000).
state_name (string or iterable of strings): The full name of the state or state equivalent in which the monitoring location is located (e.g. "Ohio", "Utah"). Note that this is the spelled-out state name, not a two-letter postal abbreviation.
county_name (string or iterable of strings): The name of the county (or county equivalent) in which the monitoring location is located.
site_type_code (string or iterable of strings): A code describing the hydrologic setting of the monitoring location (e.g. stream, spring, or well).
site_type (string or iterable of strings): A text description of the hydrologic setting of the monitoring location.
hydrologic_unit_code (string or iterable of strings): A two- to eight-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) identifying the region, sub-region, accounting unit, or cataloging unit of interest.
bbox (list of numbers): A bounding box given as [xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax] (western-most longitude, southern-most latitude, eastern-most longitude, northern-most latitude). Only locations whose geometry intersects the box are returned.

Formatting Arguments

properties (string or iterable of strings): The subset of columns to return from the query (for example id, state_name, site_type_code). When omitted, all available columns are returned.
skip_geometry (boolean): When True, the response geometries are skipped and the result is a plain pandas.DataFrame with no spatial information. When False (the default), the result carries a geometry column.
limit (numeric): Controls how many of the selected features are returned per page (maximum 50000).

For the full list of arguments see the get_monitoring_locations() docstring and the USGS Water Data API documentation.

Example 1: Retrieve all monitoring locations in Ohio

[3]:

siteListPhos = waterdata.get_monitoring_locations(state_name="Ohio")

Retrieving: monitoring-locations · 1 page · 16,074 rows
No API key detected — register for higher rate limits at https://api.waterdata.usgs.gov/signup/

Interpreting the Result

Calling get_monitoring_locations() returns a tuple of two objects: a pandas data frame of the requested monitoring location records and an associated metadata object. The data frame has one row per monitoring location and one column per requested property; unless skip_geometry=True was passed, it also carries a geometry column describing each location’s position.

Once you have the data frame, there are several useful things you can do to explore the data.

[4]:

# Display the data frame as a table
display(siteListPhos[0])

	monitoring_location_id	geometry	agency_code	agency_name	monitoring_location_number	monitoring_location_name	district_code	country_code	country_name	state_code	...	construction_date	aquifer_code	national_aquifer_code	aquifer_type_code	well_constructed_depth	hole_constructed_depth	depth_source_code	revision_note	revision_created	revision_modified
0	OH004-404325082475900	POINT (-82.79963 40.72367)	OH004	Ohio Environmental Protection Agency	404325082475900	GALION WATER DEPARTMENT	39	US	United States of America	39	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
1	OH015-383638082103300	POINT (-82.17601 38.61071)	OH015	Ohio Department of Natural Resources	383638082103300	G-2 OH	39	US	United States of America	39	...	1972-01-01	111TRRC	N100ALLUVL	U	65.0	65.0	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
2	OH015-385702083013400	POINT (-83.02597 38.95062)	OH015	Ohio Department of Natural Resources	385702083013400	SC-2 OH	39	US	United States of America	39	...	2019-10-11	112OTSH	N100GLCIAL	NaN	85.0	85.0	D	NaN	NaN	NaN
3	OH015-385932083412400	POINT (-83.68992 38.99229)	OH015	Ohio Department of Natural Resources	385932083412400	BR-20 OH	39	US	United States of America	39	...	1992-12-10	357BFLD	N400SLRDVN	C	40.0	40.0	A	NaN	NaN	NaN
4	OH015-390359083015100	POINT (-83.03073 39.06646)	OH015	Ohio Department of Natural Resources	390359083015100	PI-2 OH	39	US	United States of America	39	...	1967-01-01	112OTSH	N100GLCIAL	U	63.0	63.0	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
16069	USGS-939204016900547	POINT (-81.77917 40.96528)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	939204016900547	MORTON SALT-RITTMAN	39	US	United States of America	39	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
16070	USGS-939204016901922	POINT (-81.9725 40.80083)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	939204016901922	BOSCH REXROTH CORP	39	US	United States of America	39	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
16071	USGS-939204016901945	POINT (-81.95 40.77083)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	939204016901945	TIMKEN-WOOSTER STEEL PLANT	39	US	United States of America	39	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
16072	USGS-939204016902088	POINT (-81.97333 40.79944)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	939204016902088	FRITO LAY-WOOSTER PLANT	39	US	United States of America	39	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
16073	USGS-939204017303335	POINT (-83.60417 41.38444)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	939204017303335	VEHTEK SYSTEMS INC - DEWATERING	39	US	United States of America	39	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN

16074 rows × 44 columns

The other part of the result returned from the get_monitoring_locations() function is a metadata object that contains information about the query that was executed to return the data. For example, you can access the URL that was assembled to retrieve the requested data from the USGS Water Data API.

[5]:

print("The query URL used to retrieve the data from the Water Data API was: " + siteListPhos[1].url)

The query URL used to retrieve the data from the Water Data API was: https://api.waterdata.usgs.gov/ogcapi/v0/collections/monitoring-locations/items?state_name=Ohio&skipGeometry=false&limit=50000

Additional Examples

Example 2: Retrieve information for a single monitoring location

[6]:

oneSite = waterdata.get_monitoring_locations(monitoring_location_id="USGS-05114000")
display(oneSite[0])

Retrieving: monitoring-locations · 1 page · 1 rows

	monitoring_location_id	geometry	agency_code	agency_name	monitoring_location_number	monitoring_location_name	district_code	country_code	country_name	state_code	...	construction_date	aquifer_code	national_aquifer_code	aquifer_type_code	well_constructed_depth	hole_constructed_depth	depth_source_code	revision_note	revision_created	revision_modified
0	USGS-05114000	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	05114000	SOURIS RIVER NEAR SHERWOOD, ND	38	US	United States of America	38	...	NaT	None	None	None	NaN	NaN	None	WSP 1308: 1934, 1945. WSP 2113: Drainage area.	2017-11-13T06:00:00+00:00	None

1 rows × 44 columns

Example 3: Retrieve information for a single monitoring location

[7]:

oneSite = waterdata.get_monitoring_locations(monitoring_location_id="USGS-05114000")
display(oneSite[0])

Retrieving: monitoring-locations · 1 page · 1 rows

	monitoring_location_id	geometry	agency_code	agency_name	monitoring_location_number	monitoring_location_name	district_code	country_code	country_name	state_code	...	construction_date	aquifer_code	national_aquifer_code	aquifer_type_code	well_constructed_depth	hole_constructed_depth	depth_source_code	revision_note	revision_created	revision_modified
0	USGS-05114000	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	05114000	SOURIS RIVER NEAR SHERWOOD, ND	38	US	United States of America	38	...	NaT	None	None	None	NaN	NaN	None	WSP 1308: 1934, 1945. WSP 2113: Drainage area.	2017-11-13T06:00:00+00:00	None

1 rows × 44 columns

Example 4: Retrieve information for monitoring locations in Utah

[8]:

UTsites = waterdata.get_monitoring_locations(
    state_name="Utah"
)
display(UTsites[0])

Retrieving: monitoring-locations · 1 page · 32,827 rows

	monitoring_location_id	geometry	agency_code	agency_name	monitoring_location_number	monitoring_location_name	district_code	country_code	country_name	state_code	...	construction_date	aquifer_code	national_aquifer_code	aquifer_type_code	well_constructed_depth	hole_constructed_depth	depth_source_code	revision_note	revision_created	revision_modified
0	USBLM-09337800	POINT (-111.4185 37.77554)	USBLM	U.S. Bureau of Land Management	09337800	Escalante River above Calf Creek, near Boulder	49	US	United States of America	49	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
1	USBLM-09337810	POINT (-111.41517 37.6261)	USBLM	U.S. Bureau of Land Management	09337810	Calf Creek at BLM campground	49	US	United States of America	49	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
2	USEPA-370150112583201	POINT (-112.97633 37.03054)	USEPA	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	370150112583201	(C-43-21)10cbd-1	49	US	United States of America	49	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
3	USEPA-370427111405201	POINT (-111.68111 37.07417)	USEPA	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	370427111405201	(D-43-15) 2bad-1	49	US	United States of America	49	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
4	USEPA-370511111410001	POINT (-111.68333 37.08639)	USEPA	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	370511111410001	(D-43-10) 2bdc-1	49	US	United States of America	49	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
32822	USGS-415956112532501	POINT (-112.8911 41.99881)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	415956112532501	(B-15- 9)29dbc- 1	49	US	United States of America	49	...	1966-01-01	100VLFL	NaN	NaN	480.0	NaN	O	NaN	NaN	NaN
32823	USGS-415957112411001	POINT (-112.68692 41.99909)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	415957112411001	(B-15- 7)30cbc- 1	49	US	United States of America	49	...	1936-01-01	100VLFL	NaN	NaN	228.0	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
32824	USGS-415958111242901	POINT (-111.40882 41.99938)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	415958111242901	(A-15- 5)32dbb- 1	49	US	United States of America	49	...	1975-06-12	NaN	NaN	NaN	191.0	191.0	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
32825	USGS-415958112390301	POINT (-112.65164 41.99936)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	415958112390301	(B-15- 7)29dac- 1	49	US	United States of America	49	...	1966-01-01	100VLFL	NaN	NaN	175.0	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
32826	USGS-88101353	POINT (-112.07028 40.70222)	USGS	U.S. Geological Survey	88101353	Carla Bartholoma Test Site at Magna, Utah	49	US	United States of America	49	...	NaT	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN

32827 rows × 44 columns

Example 5: Retrieve the time series metadata for a single site

The get_time_series_metadata() function lists the parameters that have been collected at a monitoring location.

[9]:

oneSite = waterdata.get_time_series_metadata(monitoring_location_id="USGS-05114000")
display(oneSite[0])

Retrieving: time-series-metadata · 1 page · 25 rows

	time_series_id	geometry	unit_of_measure	parameter_name	parameter_code	statistic_id	hydrologic_unit_code	state_name	last_modified	begin	...	end_utc	computation_period_identifier	computation_identifier	thresholds	sublocation_identifier	primary	monitoring_location_id	web_description	parameter_description	parent_time_series_id
0	02209cc1da684d43a85f6985a68eee5a	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	degC	Temperature, water	00010	00003	090100080904	North Dakota	2025-09-02 13:13:38.140331	1983-08-11 00:00:00.000001	...	2024-10-31 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Mean	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Temperature, water, degrees Celsius	6a47b96521c946bebbcb73b4fc6f3538
1	0a228ec2b10b4e35a94776cb2b19a729	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	ft^3/s	Discharge	00060	NaN	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-04-23 16:10:53.560921	1930-04-11 00:00:00.000001	...	2025-05-25 05:00:00+00:00	Water Year	Max At Event Time	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Discharge, cubic feet per second	NaN
2	15aa662f7df54dd8a1fda8ed030f6155	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	uS/cm	Specific cond at 25C	00095	00011	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-03-17 18:13:09.673125	2019-05-15 15:00:00.000001	...	2023-10-11 03:15:00+00:00	Points	Instantaneous	[{'Name': 'VERY LOW', 'Type': 'ThresholdBelow'...	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, micro...	NaN
3	1f227161b9a844769989013bc2961bc7	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	ft	Stream level, NAVD88	63160	00011	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-05-26 08:15:39.565256	2026-01-26 08:30:00.000001	...	2026-05-26 13:00:00+00:00	Points	Instantaneous	[]	None	NaN	USGS-05114000	None	Stream water level elevation above NAVD 1988, ...	NaN
4	39fe84674f56420fbb26b30ab446a56b	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	uS/cm	Specific cond at 25C	00095	00003	090100080904	North Dakota	2025-08-07 11:19:28.658052	1983-08-11 00:00:00.000001	...	2023-10-09 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Mean	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, micro...	15aa662f7df54dd8a1fda8ed030f6155
5	3eafa55565f14fd18908405ee299d7aa	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	mg/l	Dissolved oxygen	00300	00001	090100080904	North Dakota	2023-11-17 17:44:53.028393	1993-05-15 00:00:00.000001	...	2023-10-09 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Max	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Dissolved oxygen, water, unfiltered, milligram...	74efbbe7893044e8a5463e8d5f752292
6	4edea217371e4a12836f55617fc0a12b	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	ft	Gage height	00065	00011	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-05-26 08:14:50.483108	2007-10-01 06:30:00.000001	...	2026-05-26 13:00:00+00:00	Points	Instantaneous	[{'Name': 'Operational limit (maximum) Instrum...	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Gage height, feet	NaN
7	524bb4c0ff9d45c5a4eef80b139dbf60	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	mg/l	Dissolved oxygen	00300	00003	090100080904	North Dakota	2023-11-17 17:44:53.049018	1993-05-15 00:00:00.000001	...	2023-10-09 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Mean	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Dissolved oxygen, water, unfiltered, milligram...	74efbbe7893044e8a5463e8d5f752292
8	6a47b96521c946bebbcb73b4fc6f3538	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	degC	Temperature, water	00010	00011	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-03-17 18:13:21.767938	2019-05-15 15:00:00.000001	...	2024-11-01 10:45:00+00:00	Points	Instantaneous	[{'Name': 'VERY LOW', 'Type': 'ThresholdBelow'...	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Temperature, water, degrees Celsius	NaN
9	725d1146f5844e6dac62047020546b60	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	uS/cm	Specific cond at 25C	00095	00001	090100080904	North Dakota	2025-08-07 11:19:29.235786	1983-08-11 00:00:00.000001	...	2023-10-09 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Max	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, micro...	15aa662f7df54dd8a1fda8ed030f6155
10	74efbbe7893044e8a5463e8d5f752292	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	mg/l	Dissolved oxygen	00300	00011	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-03-17 18:12:59.439628	2019-05-15 15:00:00.000001	...	2023-10-11 03:15:00+00:00	Points	Instantaneous	[{'Name': 'VERY HIGH', 'Type': 'ThresholdAbove...	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Dissolved oxygen, water, unfiltered, milligram...	NaN
11	987c2d767a5a4981acffd51fa253b63b	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	ft^3/s	Discharge	00060	00011	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-05-26 07:13:48.640195	1994-10-01 06:00:00.000001	...	2026-05-26 12:00:00+00:00	Points	Instantaneous	[{'Name': 'VERY HIGH', 'Type': 'ThresholdAbove...	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Discharge, cubic feet per second	NaN
12	a58dbf3513734ebd91c9e27d38c121f5	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	tons/day	Suspnd sedmnt disch	80155	00003	090100080904	North Dakota	2017-05-13 14:48:30.048999	1974-10-01 00:00:00.000001	...	1981-09-29 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Mean	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Suspended sediment discharge, short tons per day	NaN
13	a6364a8689b546bd9d2d897f8179da47	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	degC	Temperature, water	00010	00002	090100080904	North Dakota	2025-09-02 13:13:38.839970	1983-08-11 00:00:00.000001	...	2024-10-31 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Min	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Temperature, water, degrees Celsius	6a47b96521c946bebbcb73b4fc6f3538
14	ac8bf082bf9a496e89cad5debf5bb38a	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	mg/l	Suspnd sedmnt conc	80154	00003	090100080904	North Dakota	2017-05-13 14:53:34.288626	1974-10-01 00:00:00.000001	...	1981-09-29 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Mean	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Suspended sediment concentration, milligrams p...	NaN
15	b045f9635b3b49379e81fcc045847f39	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	ft	Gage height	00065	00003	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-05-26 20:13:07.498055	2000-10-01 00:00:00.000001	...	2026-05-25 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Mean	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Gage height, feet	4edea217371e4a12836f55617fc0a12b
16	bab51ad615744962956cd824a31572fb	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	pH Units	pH	00400	00002	090100080904	North Dakota	2017-05-13 14:50:10.025905	1992-08-12 00:00:00.000001	...	2003-09-29 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Min	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	pH, water, unfiltered, field, standard units	NaN
17	bc427f184c4d4478b5761c02f2cb3e07	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	degC	Temperature, water	00010	00011	090100080904	North Dakota	2017-05-13 14:52:28.127057	NaT	...	NaT	Daily	Instantaneous	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Temperature, water, degrees Celsius	NaN
18	c1031f7855d54510a1e242aeb7ac36e1	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	ft^3/s	Discharge	00060	00003	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-05-26 06:14:42.251897	1930-03-11 00:00:00.000001	...	2026-05-24 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Mean	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Discharge, cubic feet per second	987c2d767a5a4981acffd51fa253b63b
19	c170835ac7354feaa6fc42232e7c4d91	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	pH Units	pH	00400	00001	090100080904	North Dakota	2017-05-13 14:50:04.064455	1992-08-12 00:00:00.000001	...	2003-09-29 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Max	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	pH, water, unfiltered, field, standard units	NaN
20	d5a1ccfc54134bce81f37f14b60f4434	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	uS/cm	Specific cond at 25C	00095	00011	090100080904	North Dakota	2017-05-13 14:51:12.739716	NaT	...	NaT	Daily	Instantaneous	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, micro...	NaN
21	d784cef304cf4296af5c3bad7da3e7bf	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	uS/cm	Specific cond at 25C	00095	00002	090100080904	North Dakota	2025-08-07 11:19:29.244018	1983-08-11 00:00:00.000001	...	2023-10-09 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Min	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Specific conductance, water, unfiltered, micro...	15aa662f7df54dd8a1fda8ed030f6155
22	e6bb2ca919aa462cabb7fe13147b2897	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	degC	Temperature, water	00010	00001	090100080904	North Dakota	2025-09-02 13:13:38.893858	1983-08-11 00:00:00.000001	...	2024-10-31 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Max	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Temperature, water, degrees Celsius	6a47b96521c946bebbcb73b4fc6f3538
23	f631082503074085ac183599f79c4fa3	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	mg/l	Dissolved oxygen	00300	00002	090100080904	North Dakota	2023-11-17 17:44:53.039108	1993-05-15 00:00:00.000001	...	2023-10-09 05:00:00+00:00	Daily	Min	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Dissolved oxygen, water, unfiltered, milligram...	74efbbe7893044e8a5463e8d5f752292
24	f812872c670d479090e1f9c81f691ea6	POINT (-101.95833 48.98996)	ft	Gage height	00065	NaN	090100080904	North Dakota	2026-03-22 00:18:02.798534	1904-01-01 00:00:00.000001	...	2025-05-25 05:00:00+00:00	Water Year	Max At Event Time	[]	None	Primary	USGS-05114000	None	Gage height, feet	NaN

25 rows × 22 columns

USGS dataretrieval Python Package get_monitoring_locations() Examples